Pap tests can detect precancerous conditions of the cervix, so they can be monitored or treated in order to prevent cervical cancer. Ask your doctor whether an HPV vaccine is appropriate for you. Receiving a vaccination to prevent HPV infection may reduce your risk of cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers. Ask your doctor about the HPV vaccine.If your mother took a drug called diethylstilbestrol (DES) while pregnant in the 1950s, you may have an increased risk of a certain type of cervical cancer called clear cell adenocarcinoma. Exposure to miscarriage prevention drug.Smoking is associated with squamous cell cervical cancer. You may be more likely to develop cervical cancer if your immune system is weakened by another health condition and you have HPV. Having other STIs - such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and HIV/ AIDS - increases your risk of HPV. Other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Having sex at an early age increases your risk of HPV. The greater your number of sexual partners - and the greater your partner's number of sexual partners - the greater your chance of acquiring HPV. Risk factors for cervical cancer include:
Very rarely, cancer occurs in other cells in the cervix. Sometimes, both types of cells are involved in cervical cancer. This type of cervical cancer begins in the column-shaped glandular cells that line the cervical canal. Most cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.
This type of cervical cancer begins in the thin, flat cells (squamous cells) lining the outer part of the cervix, which projects into the vagina. The type of cervical cancer that you have helps determine your prognosis and treatment. This means other factors - such as your environment or your lifestyle choices - also determine whether you'll develop cervical cancer. HPV is very common, and most people with the virus never develop cancer. It isn't clear what causes cervical cancer, but it's certain that HPV plays a role. Cancer cells invade nearby tissues and can break off from a tumor to spread (metastasize) elsewhere in the body. The accumulating abnormal cells form a mass (tumor).
The mutations tell the cells to grow and multiply out of control, and they don't die. Healthy cells grow and multiply at a set rate, eventually dying at a set time. A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. The boundary between the two types of cells is where cervical cancer most commonly occurs.Ĭervical cancer begins when healthy cells in the cervix develop changes (mutations) in their DNA. The other type (squamous cells) is thin and flat. One type (glandular cells) has a column-shaped appearance. Two types of cells line the surface of the cervix, and both can become cancerous.
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